Firebase

How to use Firebase Cloud Functions to send scheduled emails?

Learn how to use Firebase Cloud Functions for scheduling and sending automated emails with ease. Perfect for developers looking for simplified and efficient solutions.

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Overview

Firebase Cloud Functions offers a mighty solution for running backend code when events pop up through Firebase features or when hit by HTTPS requests. With Cloud Functions, tasks can be set to trigger at certain times, like firing off emails. Mix Cloud Functions with Firebase Admin SDK and an email service like SendGrid or Nodemailer, and bam, email automation becomes a breeze. This method ensures everything runs smoothly and can grow with your needs, making email scheduling and content handling straightforward. Below is an easy-to-follow guide to setting up and deploying scheduled emails using Firebase Cloud Functions.

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How to use Firebase Cloud Functions to send scheduled emails?

Step 1: Set Up Firebase Project

  1. Head over to the Firebase Console.
  2. Click "Add Project" and just follow the steps to create a new Firebase project.
  3. Once your project is up and running, add Firebase to the platforms you need (iOS, Android, web).

Step 2: Initialize Firebase Functions and Firebase Admin

  1. If you haven't already, install the Firebase CLI:
    ```bash
    npm install -g firebase-tools
    ```
  2. Log in to Firebase from your terminal:
    ```bash
    firebase login
    ```
  3. Initialize Firebase Functions in your project directory:
    ```bash
    firebase init functions
    ```
  • Pick an existing Firebase project.
  • Choose either JavaScript or TypeScript when asked about the language.
  • Install dependencies if it asks you to.

Step 3: Install Required Dependencies

Navigate to the functions directory:

cd functions

Install the necessary npm packages:

npm install firebase-admin firebase-functions nodemailer

Step 4: Write the Cloud Function for Sending Emails

Open index.js inside the functions folder and add this code:

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
const nodemailer = require('nodemailer');

admin.initializeApp();

const transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
    service: 'gmail',
    auth: {
        user: '[email protected]',
        pass: 'your-email-password'
    }
});

// Function to send email
exports.sendScheduledEmail = functions.pubsub.schedule('every 24 hours').onRun(async (context) => {
    const mailOptions = {
        from: '[email protected]',
        to: '[email protected]',
        subject: 'Scheduled Email',
        text: 'This is a scheduled email from Firebase Cloud Functions!'
    };
    
    try {
        await transporter.sendMail(mailOptions);
        console.log('Email successfully sent');
    } catch (error) {
        console.error('Error sending email:', error);
    }
});

Step 5: Deploy Cloud Functions

Deploy the function to Firebase:

firebase deploy --only functions

Step 6: Set Up Billing

Scheduled functions and email sending need a Blaze plan:

  1. Go to the Firebase Console.
  2. Head to your project settings under "Usage and billing".
  3. Switch to the Blaze (pay-as-you-go) plan.

This step is super important because scheduled functions and external network requests (like sending emails via Gmail) are only available in the Blaze plan.

Additional Considerations

  • Environment Variables: Store sensitive info like email credentials using environment configuration:
    ```bash
    firebase functions:config:set gmail.email="your-email@gmail.com" gmail.password="your-email-password"
    ```
    Then fetch them within your functions:
    ```javascript
    const gmailEmail = functions.config().gmail.email;
    const gmailPassword = functions.config().gmail.password;
    const transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
    service: 'gmail',
    auth: {
    user: gmailEmail,
    pass: gmailPassword
    }
    });
    ```

  • Testing: Before deploying, test your functions locally:
    ```bash
    firebase emulators:start --only functions
    ```

Explore more Firebase tutorials

Complete Guide to Firebase: Tutorials, Tips, and Best Practices

Explore our Firebase tutorials directory - an essential resource for learning how to create, deploy and manage robust server-side applications with ease and efficiency.

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