Alright, let's start with the basics. Make sure your code uses semantic HTML elements like <header>, <nav>, <main>, <section>, <article>, <aside>, and <footer>. These elements help screen readers understand the structure of your page better.

<header>
  <h1>Website Title</h1>
  <nav>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#home">Home</a></li>
      <li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
</header>

Next up, let's sprinkle in some ARIA roles and attributes. These are like little helpers that make sure your web apps work well with assistive technologies.

<button aria-label="Close" aria-controls="modal" role="button">×</button>

Now, make sure everything can be navigated using just the keyboard. Try it out yourself by using Tab, Enter, and Arrow keys to move around your site.

<a href="#content" tabindex="0">Skip to main content</a>

Don't forget to add alt attributes to your images. These descriptions are super important for people using screen readers. If an image is just for decoration, leave the alt attribute empty.

<img src="logo.png" alt="Company Logo">
<img src="decorative.png" alt="">

Make sure there's a good contrast between your text and background colors. You can use tools like WebAIM's Contrast Checker to make sure you're following the guidelines.

body {
  color: #333;
  background-color: #fff;
}

a {
  color: #0065ff; /* Make sure this blue color stands out */
}

Each form element should have a <label> that uses for and id attributes. This helps screen readers connect the label with the form element.

<form>
  <label for="username">Username:</label>
  <input type="text" id="username" name="username">
  
  <label for="password">Password:</label>
  <input type="password" id="password" name="password">
  
  <button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>

Use headings in a logical order. Start with <h1> for the main title, then <h2> for sections, and <h3> for subsections. This helps users understand the structure of your content.

<h1>Main Title</h1>
<h2>Section Title</h2>
<h3>Subsection Title</h3>

Make sure focus styles are visible and distinct. This helps users who navigate with keyboards see where they are on the page.

a:focus, button:focus {
  outline: 3px solid #0065ff;
}

Test your site with screen readers like NVDA (Windows) or VoiceOver (Mac). This ensures that all interactive elements are accessible and properly announced.

Finally, include captions for videos and transcripts for audio content. This makes sure that users who are deaf or hard of hearing can access your multimedia content.

<video controls>
  <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
  <track src="captions_en.vtt" kind="captions" srclang="en" label="English">
</video>