Xano

How to create role-based access control (RBAC) in Xano?

Discover the art of setting up role-based access control (RBAC) in Xano. This detailed guide walks through how to manage user permissions and boost your app's security.

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Overview

Implementing role-based access control (RBAC) in Xano means defining roles, assigning permissions, and managing user access within your app. First, figure out the different user roles your system needs—like admin, editor, or viewer. Next, set up permissions for these roles in Xano’s backend. Use Xano’s user management and authorization tools to make sure users do only what they’re allowed to do, boosting security and efficiency. This organized method keeps your app secure and scalable.

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How to create role-based access control (RBAC) in Xano?

Step 1: Set Up User Roles

  1. Head over to the Xano Dashboard and find your project.

  2. On the left sidebar, click on Tables and create a new table called roles.

  3. Set up the roles table with these fields:
       - id (integer, auto-increment, primary key)
       - role_name (string)
       - permissions (JSON or text for a customizable permissions list)

  4. Fill the roles table with the roles you need, like admin, editor, viewer, and so on.

Step 2: Associate Roles with Users

  1. In the Xano Dashboard, find the users table.
  2. Add a new column to the users table named role_id. This will be a foreign key linking to the roles table.
  3. Assign roles to users by updating the role_id field for each user based on their roles.

Step 3: Define Permissions

  1. Go back to the roles table.
  2. In the permissions field for each role, define a set of permissions. This could be an array or JSON object holding permission details.
  3. Example JSON for an admin role:
       ```json
       {
       "can_create": true,
       "can_edit": true,
       "can_delete": true,
       "can_view": true
       }
       ```

Step 4: Create APIs for Access Control

  1. On the left sidebar, go to API and create a new API group or edit an existing one.

  2. For each endpoint, implement access control logic:
       - Use the req.user.role_id to fetch the associated role and its permissions.
       - Check the permissions from the roles table.

  3. Example API Endpoint with access control:
       ```javascript
       let roleInfo = db.roles.find({id: req.user.role_id});
       if (roleInfo.permissions.can_edit) {
         // Allow editing
         // Process request
       } else {
         res.status(403).send('Access Denied');
       }
       ```

Step 5: Implement Middleware for Role Checking

  1. Create a middleware section to handle role validation.

  2. Write a middleware function to check user roles and permissions.
       ```javascript
       function roleCheck(requiredPermission) {
         return (req, res, next) => {
           let roleInfo = db.roles.find({id: req.user.role_id});
           if (roleInfo.permissions[requiredPermission]) {
             next(); // Proceed if the user has the required permission
           } else {
             res.status(403).send('Access Denied');
           }
         };
       }
       ```

  3. Apply this middleware to your routes:
       ```javascript
       app.post('/create', roleCheck('can_create'), (req, res) => {
         // Create resource
         res.send('Resource created.');
       });
       ```

Step 6: Testing and Validation

  1. Use the Xano API interface to test different user roles and their access permissions.
  2. Make sure each role can only access the functionalities they're allowed to.
  3. Debug any issues by checking the user role and permissions logic.

Step 7: Secure Your Application

  1. Always sanitize and validate inputs in API endpoints.
  2. Regularly update roles and permissions as per evolving requirements.
  3. Monitor and log access attempts to catch any unauthorized access early.

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