Supabase

How to create custom APIs with Supabase functions?

Discover how to build custom APIs with Supabase functions. Dive into our clear, step-by-step guide to boost your app's features with ease.

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Overview

Creating custom APIs with Supabase functions lets developers craft specific endpoints that tap into the platform's impressive real-time features. With Supabase's potent mix of PostgreSQL, SQL, and Edge Functions, it's possible to build endpoints for all sorts of things, whether it's data processing, connecting to third-party services, or something else entirely. The process flows through a few key steps: defining the functions in SQL, deploying them with the Supabase dashboard or CLI, and then watching them run within the project. Grasping the basics of these tools can really boost backend performance and flexibility.

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How to create custom APIs with Supabase functions?

Step 1: Set Up a Supabase Project

  • First things first, sign up at Supabase.
  • Create a new project. You'll need to fill in some details like the name, region, and a database password.
  • Make sure to jot down your API details (Public API URL and anon key). You'll need these later.

Step 2: Configure Database

  • Head over to the "Database" tab.
  • Create new tables and schemas based on what your project needs.
  • If you need to, go ahead and populate those tables with some initial data.

Step 3: Write Supabase Functions

  • In the "Database" tab, find and select "Functions".
  • Click on "New Function" and give your function a name.
  • Write your SQL-based function in the SQL editor. Here's an example:
    ```sql
    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_user_posts(user_id UUID)
    RETURNS SETOF posts AS $$
    BEGIN
    RETURN QUERY SELECT * FROM posts WHERE posts.user_id = user_id;
    END;
    $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
    ```
  • Don't forget to save the function.

Step 4: Review Available HTTP Endpoints

  • Supabase automatically creates RESTful endpoints for your functions.
  • Check out the "API" tab to see the auto-generated documentation for your functions.

Step 5: Secure Your API

  • Go to the "Auth" tab to set up API security settings.
  • Define roles and permissions for accessing the API.
  • If needed, apply RLS (Row-Level Security) policies:
    ```sql
    CREATE POLICY "Only user can select their posts"
    ON posts
    FOR SELECT
    USING ( auth.uid() = user_id );
    ```

Step 6: Test the API

  • Use tools like Postman or cURL to test your endpoints.
  • Send a GET request to your function endpoint:
    ```
    GET {YOUR_SUPABASE_URL}/rest/v1/rpc/get_user_posts?id=user_id_here
    ```
  • Include the API key in your header for authentication:
    ```json
    {
    "apikey": "",
    "Authorization": "Bearer "
    }
    ```

Step 7: Integrate Supabase with Your Application

  • Use the Supabase client library in your application.

  • Initialize the library:
    ```javascript
    import { createClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js';

    const supabaseUrl = 'https://xyzcompany.supabase.co';
    const supabaseKey = 'public-anon-key';
    const supabase = createClient(supabaseUrl, supabaseKey);
    ```

  • Call your custom function through the Supabase client:
    ```javascript
    const { data, error } = await supabase
    .rpc('get_user_posts', { user_id: 'user_id_here' });

    if (error) console.error('Error:', error);
    else console.log('Data:', data);
    ```

Step 8: Monitor and Manage Your API

  • Use the "Logs" tab to keep an eye on API usage and errors.
  • Adjust configurations and permissions as needed based on log data and user feedback.

By following these steps, you can create, test, secure, and integrate custom APIs with Supabase functions seamlessly into your application.

Explore more Supabase tutorials

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